Genre Conventions - Shopping List

I plan to have scenes that involve money as money is often a typical convention of a Hip Hop Video as it shows wealth.

I also like this idea from the Dappy- Girls video as i feel the throne is a good idea in relation the idea of men within Hip Hop being "dominant" it is also a good representation of men often being the "owners" of women as in this scene we see the male star in control being dominant in the chair with women around him.

Jewellery is another typical convention of the Hip Hop genre as again it connotes wealth

Camera Tutorials

Song Selection

Miguel - How Many Drinks (Feat. Kendrick Lamar)

Drake - Wu Tang Forever

Rihanna - Pour It Up 

Kendrick Lamar - Swimming Pools

A$AP Rocky - Goldie

Drake - Up All Night (Feat. Nicki Minaj)

Jay-Z - Venus vs Mars

Kanye West - Clique

PARTYNEXTDOOR - Right Now

Drake - Make Me Proud (Feat. Nicki Minaj)

Beyonce - Bow Down/ I Been On

Nicki Minaj - I'm Legit

Ciara - Super Turnt Up

Meek Mill - I Be On Dat (Feat. Nicki Minaj and Fabulous)

Nicki Minaj - Her I Am

Migos - Versace (Feat. Drake)

Cassie - RockaByeBaby

Justine Beiber - Right Here (Feat. Drake)

Drake - Pound Cake (Feat. Drake)

Rihanna - Fresh Out The Runway

History Of The Music Industry

The Early Days
In the 1800's telephone inventor Thomas Edison invented the first machine to record sounds, the phonograph. 
In the 1940's vinyl was invented to entertain the soldiers during the World War II as a means of transporting music to remind them of happier times.
During this time jazz was a popular music genre it was known to lift peoples spirits during hard times in history. Ragtime and Swing offered rhythm and beat and left jazz as the first type of music meant for dancing as a result of this it became popular with younger audiences and dance halls were soon packed with individuals who wanted to have a good time through dancing. Soon after in 1949 Todd Storz started to study the trends of audiences and of jukebox choices and then decided to introduce the "Top 40" that is seen in the modern day charts today!

1950's
In the 1950's World War II ended and things really changed. Major activities began such as black and white artists began worked together. In the spirit of coming together and expressing oneself rock 'n' roll was born which developed through the merging of black and white styles. In 1956 Elvis Presley came onto the music scene and the generation gap widened. Elvis Presleys music was sexual and anti authority and because of this older generations felt threatened and worried about the effects it may have on the morality of their children. Radio became extremely popular in terms of listening to music, the portable radio was invented in 1957 which meant people could move music around there homes.

1960's
In 1962 The Beatles signed to EMI records they were an instant hit 'Beatlemania' gripped the world over the coming years the four member were constantly greeted with screaming fans and were an object of mass hysteria until Paul McCartney quit the band in 1970's. 
In 1963 audio cassettes were put on the market for the first time the cassette quickly developed into a popular format for listening to music. 
The BBC resisted giving rock and roll airtime until 1967 mainly because the radio station served middle class individuals and was known to be respectable, Instead audiences could tune into hear new rock and roll on handful of pirate radio stations.mIn 1967 the government closed the loophole in the law that allowed the pirate radio stations to operate and promptly closed them down. This then allowed the BBC to set up a new radio station to serve a younger audience this was Radio 1. In the 1969 a momentous event was held near New York it was a music festival called Woodstock.

1970's
The 1970's was the decade of happy, optimistic disco music, progressive rock from bands such as Pink Floyd and Led Zeppelin and at the extreme , the rebellious, and angry punk movement with bands such as The Ramones, The Clash, The Sex Pistold and Blondie. In the 1960's punk bands sang about crime, girls, sniffing glue and anarchy. The music was fast and frantic, tough and gritty, and attacked the establishment. The punk genre influenced fashion through torn t shirts, leather jackets customized with patches, metal studs, chains and artwork, tight jeans, and outlandish hairstyles dyed in variety of colours were worn by many young people in the 1970's.

1980's
The 1980's was a hugely influential decade for the music industry. In 1981 MTV was launched as the first ever non stop music channel. Young people grew to expect their favorite music to come with moving images, and their thirst for their favourite bands was quenched with MTV's schedule which was a constant flow of music videos. Due to popularity of music videos, it quickly became necessary for record companies to increase their marketing budgets for music artists in order to produce a video to accompany every new release. In return, sales of records increased dramatically and MTV became instrumental in promoting the careers of artists such as Madonna and Michael Jackson. Ever since the birth of MTV, the music video has become a necessary element in creating a bands success. 

In 1981 the must have music gadget was the Walkman, developed by Sony, which had been released in Japan two years earlier. Music was portable and the Walkman changed the way people used music. Suddenly it was possible to have a soundtrack playing to every aspect of life. The Walkman caused music sales on cassettes to continue to rise but it also had a negative effect on the industry and people began to copy music rather than buying a cassette version of their favourite music resulting in piracy. 

In 1982 the CD was first released to the public by Sony and Phillips and was hailed as being indestructible as well as producing crystal clear sound. In 1983 Live Aid was broadcast to the world in its entirety on MTV and became one of the biggest television events in history.

In 1985 Madonna was very popular with her post punked, sexualised image and her poppy, optimistic sound. She subverted stereotypes of women by taking elements of female iconography of the 1940;s, 50's and 60's such as bright red lipstick, lace corsets and high heels and turning them into something far more raunchy and rebellious. She also had male backing singers, which was historically unheard of for female artists. Michael Jackson was also leading the way as the top male solo artists of the decade, he used the music video as a way of increasing his popularity and the legendary 14 minute 'Thriller' video which was a global phenomenon.

1990's
In 1990's music became extremely diverse the music industry was booming with music from the likes of Spice Girls and Nirvana/ In the 1990's there was the rise of Britpop which was british produced rock created by bands such as Blur, Pulp, Oasis and Suede. Since 1988 the Discman was the portable music machine of choice up until the release of the first MP3 in 1998. 

2000's
In 2001 Apple introduced ITunes and the world of music changed forever. The same year Apple introuduced Itunes they released the Ipod where PC users were able to access music downloads.
In the 2000's the record industry faced a crisis. CD sales fell and illegal downloads meant people who might have bought CD's were now able to get it free from illegal download websites. Today it is estimated that 95% of music files exchanged online are unlicensed and unpaid for meaning that no money goes back to the people in the music industry making the music.
Meanwhile, record labels were gaining profits from reality tv shows such as Pop Idol and Xfactor where musical artists were showcased and groomed to become the next big thing.
In the 2000's the internet allowed fans to get closer to their favourite aritsts and bands through Facebook and Twitter. Forums such as Myspace allowed unknown artists to have their music heard and to build a fan base without the costs of releasing a record.

In 2000's music tastes still remained diverse hip hop and rap dominated the UK and US with arists such as 50cent, Kanye West and Eminem often said to be the most succesful hip hop artists in the 2000's. In the UK grime also came on the scene with artists such as Dizzee Rascal and Tinchy Stryder. This genre remained very male dominated usually consisting of male aritists, male orientated lyrics and videos that often exploited women something that is still a typical convention of the Hip Hop genre. Indie rock also remained popular with bands such as Kings Of Leon, Muse and The Arctic Monkeys.Hard Rock/Metal also remained a popularity with the likes of bands such as Green Day, Paramore, My Chemical Romance and Panic at the Disco. Pop was less clean cut and artists such as Christina Aguilara hardened their image, while Miley Cyrus and Avril Lavigne led the way with the pop-rock hybrid something that differs today as a result of Miley Cyrus turning to the Rap Scene. Popular acts in the UK in the 2000's were JLS, Girls Aloud, and Sugababes song writers such as Amy Winehouse and Lily Allen some of which are well known legends in the music industry today (Amy Winehouse) R&B remained popular with artists such as Beyonce, Rhianna, Usher and Alicia Keys being some of the more successful acts of the decade.

Lip Sync Video "Never Ever Getting Back Together"- Taylor Swift

Budgets

Michael Jackson and Janet Jacksons 'Scream' video is currently the most expensive video with production costs standing at $7,000,000

This Mariah Carey video also one of the most expensive videos. Production costs stood at $2,500,000.

Kanye West's 'Stronger' production costs were $1,200,000 the costs were probably so high as a result of the editing involved and also his video having another famous music artist featured in it.

Britney Spears Toxic Video production costs were $1,000,000

Inspiring Videos

I find this video inspiring because i like the outfits the artists are wearing in the video and also like where the video is set as i feel i could use this video as inspiration when creating my own video.

I like this video as i like the narrative the video provides to the song. The video is very relevant to the lyrics to the song and i think this is a good feature to have in music videos.

I find this video inspiring as i feel it is different the set up of the video different to the typical style of a hip hop genre song and the unique style inspires me.

Auteur Theory

Auteur Theory- 

Auteur Theory suggests that a director can use the commercial apparatus of film making in the same way that a writer uses a pen or a painter uses a paint brush. He suggests that this is a medium for the personal artistic expression of the director. 

The theory suggests that Music Video directors can also be auteurs it states that this platform can allow for more creative, artistic expression then film making. The director may use this medium to showcase a distinct style or repetition of themes. There should be a clear connection between their work and this is something Hype Williams does in his work. 

Harold "Hype" Williams is an American music video and film director who mainly specializes in being the director of the hip hop genre music videos. When looking at Hype Williams hip hop videos I can draw clear links between his style shown throughout. Each video holds the same themes being bright colours, flashing lights and fast editing throughout. This is something that matches the genre of the music being quite fast paced. Hype Williams also consistently work with the same music artists representing clear links between every one of the artists releases.   

Kanye West- All Of The Lights

Kesha -We R Who We R

Nicki Minaj- Stupid Hoe 

The Verve- Bitter Sweet Symphony Video Spoof

The Verve Video Spoof

Britney Spears

There are very few close ups of Britney's face why is this? Which Theorists does this go against?

Very few close ups goes against the idea of Richard Dyer's theory stating videos should have close ups if the star is a pop star rather than a pop performer. Britney is known as a pop star the fact that in comparison to her previous videos this video release has very little close ups could suggest that Britney Spears no longer has that pop star factor as a result of her no longer having lasting significance in the music industry. Majority of close ups used are used as a way of rebranding herself through close ups of her body and luxury cars. This Britney Spears also video also has typical conventions of the hip hop genre as oppose to the pop genre again suggesting the idea of rebranding in order to further her success.

Movie Trailer

This is my film trailer which I created using premiere pro. I combined various clips from existing movie trailers into one to create my own film trailer whereby various villains team up to defeat batman. 

The Record Business

the record business | Create infographics

Video Deconstruction- Same Girl

R Kelly Ft Usher- Same Girl (Sony Music 2007)

Conventions of a Hip Hop/Rap/R&B Video

1. Male artists often perform to cameras performing to the camera as if performing and signing to audiences

2. Female artists usually combine performing to cameras with performing to an ethereal 'other'

3. Hip Hop videos usually features the expensive lifestyle portraying wealth through fast cars, expensive clothing, jewellery, houses, yots etc

4. Women are often used as objects through sexualised dancing to give audiences pleasure

5. As oppose to rock genre being very dim colours in Hip Hop videos are often bright, in costume lighting and sets

6. Most videos are shot in daylight and when shot at night the lighting is often contrasted with bright interior shots

7. Females are objectified through use of fragmentations, slow motion etc.

8. Costumes from women are usually revealing and sexualised to again give audiences pleasure through what the woman is wearing and also make women aspire to be like the woman in the video to gain the same attention them women gain from men.

9.Men are usually presented in expensive clothing usually baggy.

10.Editing is usually paced to the beat of the music

11.When male artists are in shots low angle shots are usually used to signify their masculinity and dominance

12.Sets can sometimes be luxurious to portray a luxurious lifestyle

13. Cars are usually a prop used on set as part of the performance

14. Dance moves by women are exaggerated to show off the female form and sexuality and by men to show virility and masculinity.

Deconstruction

Audiences- The audience of this video is clearly male as a result of the lyrics and video all being about men being cheated on. The audience may also predominantly be male as a result of men aspiring to live the luxurious lifestyle that R Kelly and Usher supposedly live. Fans are able to build relationship with the artists in the video through seeing individual persona's and seeing the two hang out and call eachother nicknames such as "Ush", "Dog", and "Kells". Potential women fans are able to relate to the artists in a sense of being able to identify with the women in the video and become a 'potential wife' like what R Kelly and Usher are portraying they want in throughout.

Narrative - The narrative of the story begins through establishing how busy the two artists are representing their success. R Kelly and Usher begin to discuss meeting the woman of their dreams as the narrative continues. It is then revealed that the two are seeing the 'same girl' and the conversation continues to meets up at houses, in cars and basketball courts, with the assumption that both R Kelly and Usher are owners of these things. As the narrative concludes the two plan to meet the 'same girl' and catch her out however the revelation comes right at the end when the two realise the same girl is actually identical twins. 

Institutions- When two established artists collaborate record labels often deem this successful. Record sales are often boosted as a result of sales to fans from both artists (e.g R Kelly and Usher). Both artists featured in the song are signed to Jive Records owned by Sony. During the video promotion of both artists is featured in a conversation where R Kelly talks about his Double Up Tour and Usher mentions his fragrance launch and his forthcoming album release in November.

Genre- As soon as the video begins we are represented with luxury lifestyle a key convention of the Hip Hop/R&B genre. Things such as jewellery, nice houses, fast cars, money being use as props and costume such as baggy clothing and sunglasses represent wealth. Gestures such as pointing to the cameras in shots of the males are represented signifying the two's masculinity and dominance. Words such as 'word', 'crib' and 'homie' are all typical features of R&B/Hip Hop culture representing the genre of the music.

Representation- The video to 'Same girl' is very unconventional. The video presents the idea of betrayal by the woman and not the man this is an interesting role reversal, instead of fighting over the girl the two men unusually use their friendship bond to try and get back at the girl. However although these features may be unconventional there is a lot of stereotypical representations in the video too men are represented in luxurious lifestyle e.g. fast cars, fancy restaurants, luxurious houses etc, women are objectified through shots of sexual situations and shots showing the main assets of a woman. The colour black represented on the woman's very little clothing also suggests her danger to the men's life.

Analysis- Shots such as split screen shots represent the idea of the men having a 'conversation' made up of the singing of song lyrics. We are also represented with over the shoulder shots representing the dialogue between the two men again suggesting the idea of the music being a conversation between the two artists. Both men are dressed in the colour white suggesting their bond and similarity the colour white as oppose to the women being dresses in black represents the two's innocence in the situation. Another use of split screen is also used later on in the video but this time the screen in split into 3 with features of the woman in the middle shot between the two suggesting the idea of women breaking friendships between men.

Video Analysis- Kings of Leon

Kings of Leon- Use Somebody (Sony Music 2008)

Typical Conventions of a Rock Genre Music Video:

1. Males are usually the subjects of the video while women are represented as the objects of the video
2. Often a use of dimness, shades in the video are often dark

3.Rock videos are often shot at night as oppose to shooting the video during the day

4.There is often an element of performance where by the band are performing on stage in front of screaming crowds.

5.Clips of the video often contain backstage footage

6. There is usually a form on male bonding through typical gestures such as 'high fiving' and laughing

7.A typical instrument shown throughout rock videos is guitars

8.Costumes are usually similar consisting of dark colored casual clothes

9.Videos are sometimes shot in black and white

10. Juxtaposition of binaries of light vs dark

11. They particularly have fast movement consisting of tracking/crabbing/panning shots along with fast paced editing too create the idea of lots of movement

12.Close ups of vocalists during emotional scenes

13.Throughout there are often close ups of instrumentalists hands playing instruments to show its them playing the instrument

14. Of all shots, wide shots are the most popular in the rock genre representing the band together signifying unity.

15. Cross cuts of narratives performed by characters rather than band members

Deconstruction of Video:

Genre- The video represents typical elements of the rock genre, as stated in the list above one of the main features of this video is shots of the band on tour through backstage footage away from the music video representing their lifestyle as band members. The element of performance is also used in this video as there is footage of huge crowds at Kings of Leon's concerts. There is also of dark colours such as sepia representing a typical element of the rock genre. The band members are also represented as tattooed, long haired individuals, a typical generic convention of rock.

Narrative- Throughout the video tracking shots of footage, tracking aerial shots of cities and close ups of singers is used giving the idea of life on the road bringing loneliness. The combination of juxtaposed shots such as tracking aerial shots with close ups of the singer signify stillness/loneliness suggesting the artist needs a special someone this is something that stems from the lyrics being 'use somebody'.

Representation- The band is represented as having a 'jet setter lifestyle' through shots of the band hanging out in hotel rooms over looking cities of buildings at night. The video is mainly male oriented, a typical convention of rock genre the only female seen in the video is used as a part of the narrative of the song and is therefore used as an object, the female seems to be the subject of the males sorrow. There are also shots of the unity in the band, the band are represented in shots laughing together and sharing hugs after a concert that they deemed successful this gives the impression that the band are close and comes as one. To emphasise the idea of loneliness the lead singer is seen in close ups with cross cuts to busy shots of the band representing his sorrow because hes lonely.

Audiences- Throughout the video there is plenty of opportunity for audiences to feel close to the band, the representation of backstage footage of the band on tour and the band members laughing, joking and 'hanging out' allows audience to feel a closer connection to the band as they are able to gain an insight into there lifestyle. The lyrics of the songs are relatively sad and close ups of the lead singer allows audiences to emphasise and feel closer to the band member.

Analysis- Opening wide shots of the band hanging out in a hotel room looking over cities gives the audience an understanding of the type of narrative the video is going to have as this look sets the tone of the rock genre. Montage of shots suggest busy lifestyles and touring typical activities of a band. Sped up shots also suggest the idea of a busy lifestyle but however also build the story of having such a busy life but still feeling such loneliness and a result of not having that special person. Fast paced editing also keeps audiences on edge and engaged in the video as it gives a sense of mystery of whats going to happen next in the video.

Institutions- Kings of Leon have been a band in the background of the music industry in the US since 2003 while creating fans also in the UK. 2008 was the year for Kings of Leon there smash hit "Sex Is On Fire" made the band much more established was made much bigger than previous releases. In 2008 they were also signed to Sony Music, won a grammy and were nominated for NME awards, Q Awards, Mtv awards and various others. They sell out concerts, have launched fashion lines, and appeared on well established magazines such as Q magazine, NME and Esquire. Sony as you can hold great value of Kings of Leon because of there ability to sell as a result of the huge followers the band has.

Shots Used In The Video:

Close up shot- A  close up shot of the singers face is shown revealing all facial features, this shot conveys his emotion in relation to the lyrics of the song. It emphasises how he is feeling and causes the audience to emphasise with him. This creates a connection between the audience and the singer allows the audience to relate there own situations to the singers problems.

Colour Change- The colour of scenes changes throughout the video. This allows us to see a connection between the use of colour in different shots showing when the singer feels at his highest and at his lowest.

Long Shot- Long shots of the band in concert on stage and the audiences are shown. This makes audiences want to buy tickets and go to the concert through the performance element(Firths theory).

James Arthur- 'Your Nobody'

Video Analysis

James Arthur is a typical example of Richard Dyer's Theory being that a pop star is constructed, previously shown on my blog is the 'impossible' video that allows audiences to see the constructed star from start to end. James Arthur is now represented in his latest video since his Xfactor release as a constructed star. James Arthur came from being the winner of Xfactor and released his first single a year ago when he won in 2012. He took the time out to produce an album as has now released his latest song and video being " Your Nobody Till Someone Loves You"

Narrative- The narrative of the James Arthur video is a typical british tradition being a street party, the video has an element of performance as during the street party James Arthur is performing in a typical set up on stage representing him as a 'person of the people'.

Audience- The James Arthur video is aimed at wide range of people typically represented in the video, there are various ethnicities throughout the video suggesting James Arthur is aiming his music at a wide audience of not just one ethnicity but various ones.

Genre- The genre of music represented in the video is a mixture. It could be said that the video is mainly pop with elements of reggae and rock potentially suggesting the idea of a Ska element to the video as well as pop.

Representation- During the video James Arthur is represented as a person of the people. As said before, there is an element of performance to the video and it could be suggested that this is representing James Arthur performing to the people that love him, there is a correlation between lyrics and visuals as he seems to be performing to the people who 'love' him therefore suggesting he is somebody because somebody loves him.

Spoof Video Diary - Bitter Sweet Synthony

Laura Mulvey Theorist

Laura Mulvey's Theory...

Laura Mulvey's Theorist believes that because filmakers were and still are today predominantly male, the presence of women in films is often solely for the purpose of display as appose to narrative purposes.The purpose of this displace is to facilitate a voyeuristic response in spectators, which presumes a 'male gaze' one that is a powerful controlling gaze at the female on display, who is effectively objectified and passive.

R&B and Hip Hop Videos are a genre that most represents Laura Mulvey's Theory as they constantly objectify the female. 

A clear representation of this is in the Robin Thicke- Blurred Lines video as a class we discussed both the rated and unrated version to the video and in both women are objectified to the male gaze with the use of both see through outfits and no outfits at all. 

Richard Dyer Music Theorist

Richard Dyer States: " A star is an image not a real person this is constructed (as any aspect of fiction is) out of a range of materials (e.g. advertising, magazines etc. as well as films (music) "

"Pop Performer" and "Pop Stars" are not the same thing. Pop Stars have lasting significance and have "brand awareness"

Stars as Construction:

Pop Stars are constructed, they are artificial images, even if they are represented as being " real people". Often their representations may be metonymic (stereotyped).

An example of Stars as construction is One Direction. These are an example of stars who are manufactured by the music industry to serve a purpose- to make money out of audiences who respond to various elements of a star persona by buying records and becoming fans. One direction are an example of a typical boy band they are represented as a stereotypical group of people. One direction are manufactured to become a girls childhood sweetheart and fans are lead to believe this persona is real. The boys are given individual persona's for girl to follow and this allows fans to pick one member that they love the most, they are constructed to represent themselves as boys who just want to have fun with a rebellious attitude and this is represented in almost all of there videos.
Another example of why I chose One direction for Richard Dyers "Pop Star" Theory is their upcoming movie. This is an example of  constructed stars being represented as real people. The film suggests that the movie is a follow of the stars as real people and is made from footage of their everyday lives. However this is something fans are lead to believe and the movie is something the industry have created in order to make money out of the audiences who believe they are gaining an insight into the boys everyday lives and purchase a ticket to the movie. This is an example of "Pop Stars" being a product of their record company who must be sold "Stars are commodities produced and consumed on the strength of their meanings"

Another good example of Star as Construction is James Arthur's Winner video for "Impossible".

This video has been constructed as a heart throb for audiences representing his journey from a real person to a "constructed pop star"

Andrew Goodwin Theory

5 Different Idea's Regarding Music Videos

Genre- videos should represent stereotypes and conventions of the genre 

This is represented in the Dj Khaled I Wanna Be With You Video typical conventions such as girls, money, jewellery and luxury lifestyle is represented in this video all these things are typical conventions of a Hip Hop Music Video

 

Sound and Vision- Goodwin felt there should be a clear relationship between lyrics and visuals for example Illustrative- This is when the visuals literally represent the lyrics

A Clear representation of this is the Taylor Swift Never Ever Video here she is literally acting her lyrics throughout the whole video and this is a good example of Illustrative.

Notions of Looking- Watching the performer and gaining pleasure from it

This is Represented in the Katy Perry California Girls video, Here Katy Perry is wearing very seductive revealing clothing that focuses on the main assets of her body this is something the viewer may gain pleasure from. The scene where Katy Perry is laying in candy floss clouds with no clothing is also an example of Notions of Looking that the video used to gain attention from viewers by setting up scenes that they know viewers can gain pleasure from.

Star Image- Promotion of the star through the video using frequent close ups and recurring motifs to represent the artist.

This is represented in the Beyonce Run the World Video Here Beyonce is playing a very dominant role as a woman in the video. By doing this she is securing her dominance by implying her position of power in the industry and this is something that represents her as a artist. The key motif of the video is to have power over her world (The industry) and this is backed up by the lyrics of the song- "Who Run the World Girls" also creating a sense of Sound and Vision another one of Goodwin's Theories.

Intertextuality- Reference to other media texts, it allows the audience to quickly decode the meaning

This is show in the Lady Gaga and Beyonce Video Telephone when other media texts  such as Virgin Mobile, Beats,Fast Food, Polaroid Camera, Wonder Bread ETC are shown throughout

Another Video that has reference to the theory intertextuality is  Ludacris- Act a Fool. This video has reference the movie 2 Fast 2 Furious and has clips from the movie throughout.

Simon Firth's Video Concepts

 Simon Firth Stated- "music videos may be characterised by free broad typology : Performance, Narrative and Conceptual" (1988)

Conceptual- Conceptual videos do not tell a story in linear fashion, but rather create a mood, a feeling to be evoked in the experience of viewing"

In the Sam Smith La La La video this is presented very well the video gives an insight to the video potentially being about the wizard of oz but however leaves it to the viewers to make there own assumption of the video.

 Narrative- A video may tell any kind of story in linear cause effect sequencing

In the Nicki Minaj and Lil Wayne High School video there is a narrative of school lovers this is shown through the video along with other story lines within the video

Performance -Performance Videos are the most common type.They feature the star or group singing in concert to widely enthusiastic fans. The aim of this is to convey a sense of the in concert experience

This is presented in the Nicki Minaj Did It On Em video During the video she is performing on stage giving viewers an insight to what her concerts are like potentially promoting the concert atmosphere to viewers making them want to purchase tickets to her concert

Music Video Timeline